MD, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL, 1975
Internship in Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine / Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, 1976
Residency in Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine / Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, 1978
Fellowship in Nephrology, 1980
American Board of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine
American Board of Internal Medicine, Nephrology